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LESSON 3 / Foundations

Bonds, rates, and the value of time

Fixed payments do not mean a fixed market value. A bond’s contract and its price in the market answer different questions.

Separate the cash flows from the price

A conventional fixed-rate bond promises payments according to its terms, subject to the issuer meeting its obligations. The market price can move as interest rates, credit conditions, and the issuer’s prospects change. Selling before maturity can produce a gain or a loss.

Understand the rate relationship

When newly issued bonds offer higher yields, an existing bond with lower fixed payments will generally need a lower price to compete. Longer-duration bonds are typically more sensitive to changes in rates. Credit and liquidity risks can also affect prices.

Know the vehicle

A bond fund holds a changing collection of securities. It does not necessarily return a stated principal amount on a date that matches your own cash need. Review duration, issuer exposure, expenses, and the fund’s objective rather than assuming the word bond means capital is protected.

Put the idea into practice.

Write two questions you would ask before using a bond or bond fund for money you expect to need soon.

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Check your understanding.

What commonly happens to an existing fixed-rate bond’s price when market yields rise?

Review the concept

The older payment stream generally needs a lower price to offer a competitive yield. Other risks and terms also matter.

Original Lyfter education · Updated 2026-11-13. Examples are hypothetical and do not provide a personal investment recommendation.

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